HIBAOUI المدير العام
عدد المساهمات : 674 نقاط : 1977 تاريخ التسجيل : 15/01/2010 العمر : 36 الموقع : adrar
| موضوع: دروس اللغة الإنجليزية 1 متوسط الخميس 21 يناير - 16:13 | |
| Indefinite Articles
The indefinite article are : A and AN We use A before a consonant-sound
We use AN before a vowel-sound
The difference depends on the sound of the vowels and consonants, not the spelling
. Examples
a teacher a peach a woman a house a man a useful book a university a European
an English teacher an orange an old woman an hour a house an honest man an heir an honour an Irish person ****************************************
Don't put A or AN before uncountable nouns ) I don't like milk. Silence is golden. (We're having soup for lunch ***********************************************
Exercises
put 'a' or 'an' where necessary
.boy. ...... teacher. ........ hour. ...... island. ....... English teacher. ........ peach. ........ old man. ........... year. ............. university. .......... pen. .............. apple. .......... doctor. ............ aunt. ............... .uncle. .............. . tree. ............ .ice-cream. .............. .habit. ............. student.......... ..test. .............. .Arabic book.............
---------------
2 Second lesson:
the simple present of verb to be
This is my second lesson in which I shall talk about the use of the verb 'to be' in the present simple and its different forms
Affirmative :
Full forms :
I am a student. You are a teacher. He is a doctor. She is a nurse. It is a cat
We are students. You are teachers. They are doctors.
Short forms (contracted forms) :
I’m a French writer. You’re a Moroccan player. He’s an English actor She’s an Egyptian teacher. It’s an Arabic book.
We’re Spanish pupils. You’re Italian lawyers. They’re Brazilian tailors.
Negative :
Full forms :
I am not absent. You are not from Rabat. He is not ill. She is not stupid. It is not hot today.
We are not fine. You are not bad. They are not good.
Short forms :
I’m not happy. You’re not/ you aren’t rich. He’s not/ isn’t poor. She’s not/ isn’t young. It’s not/ isn’t a long day.
We’re not/ aren’t at home. You’re not/ aren’t in the courtyard. They’re not/ aren’t at school.
Interrogative (yes/ no questions) :
Am I tall ? -Yes, you are. No, you’re not.
Are you hungry ? Yes, I am. No, I am not.
Is he fat ?
Yes, he is. No, he isn’t.
Is she a teacher ?
Yes, she is. No, she’s not.
Is it a black pen ?
Yes, it is. No, it is not.
Are we in the classroom ? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t.
Are you from Japan ? Yes, we are. No, we are not.
Are they intelligent ? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t.
Here are some exercises on this lesson :
A/ Complete the following sentences with : are – is -am
1-Said ---------good at math. 2- I -------- not as good at Math as Said. 3- John and Brian --------in Morocco for a couple of weeks. 4- Where ---------you from? 5- Where -------- your notebook? 6- They-------------happy 7- She-------------tall. 8- We------------cold. 9- The boy---------thirsty. 10- Rachid and I--------from Agadir. ******************************** B/ Answer these questions using the right form of the verb to be :
1- Are you fine? - No,--------------
2- Is it cold today? Yes,-------------
3- Are they from Casablanca? Yes,-------------
4- How old are you ? I-------------18 years old.
5-Where is Khadija from ? She---------from Fez. ********************************* C/ Put these sentences in the negative form :
Example : I am a student I am not a student.
1- Farid is at home.
2- Karim and his sister are hungry.
3- It’s a fine day.
4- He is a bus driver.
5- You are a lazy boy.
Good luck. ----------------------------------------------------
3
Part One : Affirmative form
The simple present of all verbs
In this lesson, I will tackle the simple present tense of all verbs (I have already mentioned the present simple of the verb to be in my second lesson).
How to from the simple present tense?
A / There are only two basic forms for the simple present tense; one ends with -s and the other doesn't. Here are the rules, using the example of the verb to eat
I eat (simple form)
You eat (simple form) He eats (simple form + s) She eats (simple form + s) It eats (simple form+ s)
We eat (simple form) You eat (simple form) They eat (simple form
IMPORTANT: Only THIRD PERSON SINGULAR subjects (he, she, it) must have a verb with an "s" at the end. ************************************************** **************************
B/ -S or -ES?
With most verbs, the third person singular form is created simply by adding -S. However, with some verbs, you need to add -ES or change the ending a little. Here are the rules:
1/ Verbs ending with "z", "sh" and "ch" "ss" and "o" must take an -es at the third person singular.
Examples
He passes (verb to pass
He wishes (verb to wish) She watches (verb to watch
She buzzes (verb to buzz He goes (verb to go
2/ Verbs ending with a consonant +y : you must change y to i and add 'es'. Examples:
It flies (verb to fly
He studies (verb to study) She carries (verb to carry
************************************************** ***************************
C/ The simple present of the verb 'To Have'
The Simple Present of the verb to have is slightly irregular, since the bare infinitive is have, whereas the form of the verb used in the third person singular is has. The Simple Present of the verb to have is conjugated as follows:
I have
You have He has She has It has We have you have They have
************************************************** **************************
D/ The simple present of the verb'to do'
I do
You do He does She does It does We do They do
4
The Simple Present of all Verbs
Part Two: Negative and Interrogative forms
Negative form
In order to form a negative statement,we use the simple present of the auxiliary do followed by not before the bare infinitive of the verb
For example
I work :affirmative form I don't work :negative form
you work you don't work
He works He doesn't work
She works She doesn't work
It works It doesn't work
We work We don't work
You work You don't work
They work They don't work
................................
Interrogative form
Do I work
Do you work
Does he work
Does she work
Does it work
Do we work
Do you work
Do they work
..............................
Who's / Whose 5 Who’s this Who’s this This is my brother And what’s his name His name is Achraf ************************************************ Who are these These are my cousins What are their names Their names are Mohcin and Salah. ************************************************** ********* Whose Whose cat is it? It’s Paul’s. Whose car is it? It’s Mary’s. Whose pencils are they? They are my sister’s. Whose books are they? They are Kamal’s. Whose ruler is this? It’s Samir’s. Whose notebooks are these? They are Maryam’s
[center]6
Family Members
My father’s father is my grandfather. My father’s wife is my mother. My father’s son is my brother. My father’s daughter is my sister. My mother is my father’s wife. My father is my mother’s husband. My father’s/ mother’s brother is my uncle. My father’s/ mother’s sister is my aunt. My aunt’s / uncle’s son / daughter is my cousin. My mother’s mother is my grandmother. My brother’s / sister’s son is my nephew. My brother’s / sister’s daughter is my niece. My uncle, my aunt and my cousins are my relatives. My father and my mother are my parents. My grandfather and my grandmother are my grandparents. My son and my daughter are my children. My brother is my father’s / mother’s son. My sister is my father’s / mother’s daughter. My brother is my grandfather’s / grandmother’s grandson. My sister is my grandmother / grandfather’s granddaughter.
7 Seventh Lesson Food and Drink: Vocabulary : Part One 1/ Fruits Melon Orange Grapes Watermelon Apple Lemon Banana Peach Apricot Pear Strawberry Cherry Fig Pineapple Plum Avocado Pomegranate Date [/center] 7 Lesson Food and Drink: Vocabulary : Part Two 2/ Vegetables Onion Carrot Potato Tomato Turnip Cabbage Cauliflower Lettuce Peas Beans Pepper Pumpkin Radish Eggplant / Aubergine Garlic Cucumber Brocoli Mushroom Zucchini / Courgette Spinach Beet / Beetroot Celery Sweet potato / Yam Green onion Corn Artichoke [center]8 Lesson Food and Drink: Vocabulary : Part Three 3/ Drinks Milk Water Coffee Orange Juice Tea Soup Lemonade / Soft drink ************************************
9 Lesson Food and Drink: Vocabulary : Part Four 4/ Meat Beef Chicken Lamb Fish ****************************************** 10 Lesson Food and Drink: Vocabulary : Part Five 5/ Other Types of Food Egg Fried eggs Bread Rice Cheese Salad Hotdog Sandwish Candies / Sweets Big mac French fries Pizza Sugar Honey Jam Butter Popcorn Ketchup chocolate Cake Ice cream Spaghetti / Noodles Flour Muffin ******************************************** 11 Lesson Food and Drink: Vocabulary : Last Part 6 / Spices Parsley Coriander Cumin Paprika Cinnamon Powder Turmeric Black pepper Ginger Saffron Salt ****************************** 12 Eighth Lesson Countable and Uncountable Nouns 1-Countable Nouns Countable nouns are easy to recognize. They are things that we can count. For example: "pen". We can have one, two, three or more pens. Here are some more countable nouns: • dog, cat, animal, man, person • bottle, box, litre • coin, note, dollar • cup, plate, fork • table, chair, suitcase, bag Countable nounscan be singular or plural: • My dog is playing. • My dogs are hungry. We can use the indefinite article a/an with countable nouns: • A dog is an animal. We can use some and any with countable nouns: • I've got some dollars. • Have you got any pens? Wecan use a few/ few and many with countable nouns: • I've got a few dollars. • I haven't got many pens. ************************************************** *********** 2-Uncountable Nouns Uncountable nouns are substances, concepts etc that we cannotdivide into separate elements. We cannot "count" them. For example, we cannot count "milk". . Here are some more examples of uncountable nouns: • music, art, love, happiness • advice, information, news • furniture, luggage • rice, sugar, butter, water • electricity, gas, power • money, currency We usually treat uncountable nouns as singular. We use a singular verb. For example: • This news is very important. • This coffee tastes bad. We do not use the indefinite article a/an with uncountable nouns. We cannot say "an information" or "a music". But we can say : • a piece of news • a bottle of water • a grain of rice We can use some and any with uncountable nouns: • I've got some money. • Have you got any rice? We can use a little and much with uncountable nouns: • I've got a little money. • I haven't got much rice. ******************************************** Exercises: • A/ Write "c" if the noun is countable, "uc" if the noun is uncountable. Example: tomato:"c" 1. tree 2. sugar 3. rice 4. water 5. cup 6. friend 7. school 8. love 9. table 10. time ******************************************** B/• Use a singular or plural verb in the following exercises. Remember uncountable nouns always take singular nouns. Example: I like cheese. (like) 1. She (read)………….books every day. 2. They (come )……………..to school by minibus . 3. Karim (work)…………….very hard at home. 4. I (like)……………….to sit at the seaside in Alanya. 5. We always (do) …………..the exercises very carefully. 6. Mounir never (****) ……………meals to us at home. 7. Some students (drive) ……………..very fast at the school campus. 8. He (speak)……………..two ********s ; English and French . 9. We (watch) …………..good films on tv every day 10. The class (begin)……………at 8:15 11. Milk...................healthy. (be) 12. Grape juice..................good. (taste) 13. Grapes.................delicious. (be) 14. A grape..................on the floor. (be) 15. Rome...............(be) a beautiful city. 16. Monkeys ....................bananas. (eat) 17. Sandwiches.......................... good. (be) 18. You........................ great pizza. (make) 19. The pictures ................beautiful. (look) 20. English...................... interesting. (be) ***************************************** Food and Drink Countable VS Uncountable nouns
Countable Examples A carrot /carrots
An apricot /apricots
An orange / oranges
A cake /cakes
An avocado / avocados
A banana / banana
A cucumber / cucumbers
A potato / potatoes
A turnip / turnips
A courgette / courgettes
****************************************
Uncountable
Examples
Milk
Coffee
Sugar
Water
Lemonade
Juice
Cheese
Bread
Meat
Tea
Butter
Jam
Honey
Beef
Oil 13 There is / There are There is a / an / + singular countable nouns There is some + uncountable nouns. There are + plural countable nouns. Examples There is a banana on the table. There is some water in the fridge There is some coffee in the kitchen There is an apple in the basket There is some tea in the teapot. There is an orange in the plate. There are some grapes in the fridge. There are some carrots in the kitchen. There are some eggs on the table. - There are some potatoes in the basket. Is there a / an / any Are there any Is there an apple in the kitchen Yes, there is No , there isn’t. Is there a banana on the table Yes, there is Is there any water in the bottle No, there isn’t. Is there any tea in the teapot Yes, there is / yes, there is some. Are there any grapes on the table Yes, there are. Are there any onions in the basket No ,there aren’t. ********************************************* 14 Food and Drink Eating Habits Sample Paragraph I eat bread with olive oil or jam and I drink some powdered milk or tea with mint for breakfast. For lunch, I eat cucumber salad and beef tajine and I drink a cup of banana juice. I eat fried eggs or a bowl of rice and I drink a milkshake for dinner I like fresh fish and green tea very much. I dislike sausages and black coffee ************************************************ Some useful expressions I’m hungry I’m thirsty Let’s go and have some drink Can you recommend a good restaurant What would you like to eat / drink Would you like some orange juice What about some cakes May I have the menu, please I’d like the bill, please Keep the change That’s not what I ordered May I change this What kind of seafood do you have What kind of meat do you have What kind of poultry dishes do you serve Can I get you a drink Are you hungry/thirsty Boiled Grilled Toasted *************************************** Containers + uncountable nouns We can add some words to make uncountable nouns countable. These words are called containers For example we can say A jar of jam A can of coke. A slice of cheese. A bottle / a glass of water. A loaf of bread. A bar of chocolate. A carton of milk. A bag of flour. A box of cereal A bowl of sugar. A pack of gum A tub of margarine A tube of ketchup. A cup of coffee. A pocket of butter. etc ************************** 15 Expressing permission Can I go out Yes, you can. 2/ Can I watch TV No, you can’t 3/ Can I go to the cinema No, you can’t. 4/ Can I sit near Rachid Yes,you can. 5/ Can I change my place Yes, you can. 6/ Can I drink some water Yes, you can. 7/ Can I eat some buiscuits? No, you can’t. 8/ Can I listen to music? No, you can’t. 9/ Can I use your pen Yes, you can. 10/ Can I play football Yes, you can. Things I can do in the classroom I can read – I can speak – I can exchange ideas ...etc - . Things I can’t do in the classroom I can’t sleep – I can’t listen to radio – I can’t eat or drink – I can’t play football -...etc Rule Asking for permission Can + Subject + verb Accepting Yes, you / he / she / they can Refusing No, you / he / she / they can’t . 16 Expressing Time Some useful expressions What’s the time What time is it [ندعوك للتسجيل في المنتدى أو التعريف بنفسك لمعاينة هذا الرابط]. [ندعوك للتسجيل في المنتدى أو التعريف بنفسك لمعاينة هذا الرابط]. [ندعوك للتسجيل في المنتدى أو التعريف بنفسك لمعاينة هذا الرابط] [ندعوك للتسجيل في المنتدى أو التعريف بنفسك لمعاينة هذا الرابط]. [ندعوك للتسجيل في المنتدى أو التعريف بنفسك لمعاينة هذا الرابط] Can you tell me the time, please Can you tell me what time it is Excuse me. Do you happen to know what time it is Do you have the time Would you happen to know what time it is ****************************** Examples 04 : 00 It’s four o’clock 04 : 05 It’s five past four 04 : 08 It’s eight past four 04 : 10 It’s ten past four 04 : 12 It’s twelve past four 04 : 15 It’s a quarter past four 04 : 22 It’s twenty-two past four 04 : 25 It’s twenty-five past four. 04 : 30 It’s half past four 04 : 35 It’s twenty-five to five 04 : 40 It’s twenty to five 04 : 45 It’s a quarter to five 04 : 50 It’s ten to five 04 : 55 It’s five to to five 05 : 00 It’s five o’clock It’s midday : 12 pm It’s noon : 12 pm It’s midnight : 12 am Pm : afternoon Am :: morning ************************************************** ********************************** Daily Activities 1/ what time do you get up? I get up at seven o’clock 2/ what time do you have breakfast? I have breakfast at half past seven. 3/ what time does Samir go to school? He goes to school at a quarter to eight. 4/ what time does she come back home? She comes back home at midday. 5/ What time do your parents have lunch? They have lunch at two o’clock. 6/ What time do you go to bed? I go to bed at half past nine. 17 Ordinal numbers 1 1st first 2 2nd second 3 3rd third 4 4th fourth 5 5th fifth 6 6th sixth 7 7th seventh 8 8th eighth 9 9th ninth 10 10th tenth 11 11th eleventh 12 12th twelfth 13 13th thirteenth 14 14th fourteenth 15 15th fifteenth 16 16th sixteenth 17 17th seventeenth 18 18th eighteenth 19 19th nineteenth 20 20th twentieth 21 21st twenty-first 30 30th thirtieth 40 40th fortieth 50 50th fiftieth 60 60th sixtieth 70 70th seventieth 80 80th eightieth 90 90th ninetieth 100 100th one hundredth 1,000 1000th one thousandth *************************** What’s the date today? Wed, Feb.6th = Today is Wednesday, February the ninth. Sun, Aug.1st = Today is Sunday, August the first. Sat, Sept.3rd = Today is Saturday, September the third. Mon, Dec. 22nd = Today is Monday, December the twenty-second. Tue, May.21st = Today is Tuesday, May the twenty-first. Thur, Jan. 20th = Today is Thursday, January the twentieth. Fri, Jul 31st = Today is Friday, July the thirty-first Sample Writing This is my dream house. It’s in Tangier. There are three large bedrooms, two nice living rooms, a lovely dining room, a modern kitchen, a new bathroom and beautiful garden. I like my dream house very much because there is a wonderful swimming pool and a wide courtyard. ********************************** Remark: draw your dream house Prepositions [/center] | |
|